Monday, 13 August 2012

selamat hari raya

moga selamat sampai

Tuesday, 26 June 2012

Cara-cara buat assignment, mesti ada :

1. Preface (kata aluan)

2. Introduction (pengenalan)

a. Introduction of assignment (pengenalan tentang tajuk asigment diberi)

3. Points of view (berikan isi-isi tajuk assignment)

4. Figures, tables, etc

5. Conclusion (kesimpulan keseluruhan tajuk assignment)

*lihat contoh assignment di bawah:

Preface

We would like to express our greatest appreciation to all people who had helped one way or another in this report of refixation and sub-division.

First of all we are grateful to Allah because finally this report is already done. We also would like to thank to our sweet lecturer Miss Ashnita Rahim for teaching and leading us to do this report very well. Besides that, we also want to express thankful to all members because of helping and giving us supports in finishing this report.

Not forgotten to Geomatics Science Department and their staffs for the support and cooperation throughout using the instruments.

Last but not least we thank to all of our members mawi, emkay, hasbullah, amierul and kak ana for giving us to use their laptops and printers with free service. Without them, we can’t finish our report yet. We also would like to thank to all members for their dedication and commitments to complete this report.

We are confident this report will be a valuable resource for coming soon students to archive more knowledge in cadastral surveying. To the entire group member, congratulation and thank you for a good job. Well done!!

Thank you

Introduction

THE CHAIN-- There are two kinds of chain in common use, the Surveyor’s (or Gunter’s) Chain, and the Engineer’s Chain. Gunter’s chain is 66 feet long, and its use is confined chiefly to land surveying on account of its simple relation to the acre and to the mile.
1 Gunter's Chain = 4 Rods = 100 Links
1 Mile = 80 Chains
1 Acre = 10 Square Chains
Evidently each link is 66/100 of a foot (or 7.92 inches) long. The inch, however, is never used in surveying fieldwork.

The engineer’s chain is 100 feet long and is divided into one hundred links of one foot each. Each end link is provided with a handle, the outside of which is the zero point, or end, of the chain. In these chains, every tenth link counting from either end is marked by a brass tag having one, two three, or four points corresponding to the number of tens which it marks. The middle of the chain is marked by a round tag. In the engineer's chain then the 10-ft. and 90-ft. points, the 20-ft. and 80-ft points, etc., are marked alike; hence it is necessary to observe on which side of the 50-ft. point a measurement falls in order to read the distance correctly. Distances measured with the surveyor’s chain are recorded as chains and links, (or in chains and decimals); while those measured with the engineer's chain are recorded as feet and decimals.

On account of the large number of wearing surfaces and the consequent lengthening with use, the chain should be frequently compared with a standard of length ... It may be adjusted to agree with the standard, by means of a nut at the handle, which allows the length of the chain to be altered by lengthening or shortening the end link.

Charles B. Breed and George L. Hosmer.
The Principles and Practice of Surveying. Vol 1. 3rd edition.
New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1908.

Conclusion

As conclusion, it is not easy to carry out the refixation on the survey works. There are many terms that we should apply in our works prepared by Survey Regulations 2002. In the site, we have to do the traversing as accurate as possible to avoid the error occurs. Refixation is important to make sure the boundary marks are in their original positions. We also have to replace the boundary mark that is found missing. Refixation is also important to establish later survey works like the sub-division and partition to get the control points. For every boundary mark planted, we have to do the checking to make sure that it is planted exactly on its position. If the boundary mark is not in the correct position, then it is need to be re-established again. The most important thing is to find the suitable baseline that can be paired to the third mark. The differences of the interior angle between baseline and third mark are 10”. If we did not found it to the nearest boundary marks, then we have to travel to the other boundary marks until we get the best baseline with its third mark.

Thursday, 14 June 2012

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

KAMPUS PERLIS

Faculty Architecture, Planning and Surveying

Department of Surveying Science and Geomatics

Diploma in Geomatic Science – AP 120

PROJECT ASSIGNMENT 2

COURSE	CADASTRAL SURVEYING 2
COURSE CODE	SUG 221
SEMESTER	THREE
TITLE	NISBAH BATU BERNOMBOR
SUPERVISOR	EN.HJ. HASSIM BIN BARUDDIN
MARKS

PREPARED BY:

MUHAMMAD FAIZ B. MAT HASIM (2007202326)

GROUP: APD3Al

SUBMITION DATE: 24^TH OCTOBER 2008

2.1.2 Metric chain IS 1492-1956 covers requirement of chains in metric units. The chains are made in length of 20 and 30 meters .To enable the reading of fractions of a chain without much difficulty, tallies are fixed at every five-meter length and small brass rings are provided at every metre length, except where tallies are attached. Connecting links between two large links are oval in shape, the central one being a circular ring. The length of the chain is marked over the handle to indicate the length and also to distinguish from non-metallic chains. The length of each link is 0.2 m (20cm) in 20m chain is provided with 100 links and 30 m chain divided into 150 links (Fig. 1). The advantages of the chain are:
(i) it is very suitable for rough usage
(ii) it can be easily repaired in the field
(iii) it can be easily read.

(1) Gunter’s Chain: It is also called surveyor‟s chain. This chain took name from the clergyman, Edmund Gunter. He developed a method of surveying land accurately with low technology equipment, using what became known as Gunter's chain. The Gunter‟s chain is 66 ft (20m). long and is divided into 100 links. Therefore, each end link is equal to 0.66 ft. long. The link is used as a subdivision of the chain as a unit of length. It is very convenient for measuring distances in miles and furlongs and for measuring land when the unit of area is an acre, on account of its simple relation to the mile and the acre. 10 Guntur‟s chains – 1 furlong 80 Guntur‟s chains- 1 mile 10 square Guntur‟s chains – 1 acre

2) Engineers’ Chain: The engineer‟s chain is 100 ft (30m). long and is divided into 100 links each link is equal to 1 ft. The construction details are same as that of a Gunter‟s chain. It is used on all engineering surveys. The distances measured with the engineers’ chain are recorded in feet and decimals.

Steel Band: The steel band, also called the band chain, consists of a ribbon of steel with a brass swivel handle at each end. It is 20 or 30 m long and 16 mm wide. It is wound on open steel cross, or on a metal reel in a closed case. The graduations are marked in two ways: (a) The band is divided by brass studs at every 0.2 m and numbered at every l m, the first and the last link being subdivided into cm and mm, (b) The graduations are etched as metres, decimeters, centimeters on one side and 0.2 m links on the other. Brass tallies are fixed at every 5 m length of the band. It is best adapted to general field work and rough usage. For accurate work, the steel band is now preferred. It is lighter and easier to handle than the chain. It is practically unalterable in length. It must be protected from rust by frequent cleaning and oiling.

Charles B. Breed and George L. Hosmer.
The Principles and Practice of Surveying. Vol 1. 3rd edition.
New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1908.

The simplest of these [types of survey] is the "Chain Survey," but this is only suitable for moderately small areas. The chief appliances used are the chain, tape, arrows, ranging rods, offset staff, and occasionally a cross staff, optical square, box-sextant, or prismatic compass. The Chain is generally divided into 100 links, sometimes into 50- but there are several varieties and lengths in ordinary use. The links are composed of lengths of iron or steel wire, and—except at the centre of the chain, and at the 25th link from each end, where swivel joints (S, Fig. 2) are provided—these are connected at their extremities by three small oval rings, preferably welded. At every 10th link from each end of the chain a brass tag or teller is fastened to the small central connecting ring. The teller which has only one point indicates ten links from either end of the chain—i.e. the 10th or the 90th link measuring in the same direction; that with two points marks the 20th or the 80th link ; three points indicate the 30th or the 70th link; four points the 40th or the 60th link; and a circular tag the centre of the chain. The brass tellers are sometimes designed to be inserted in the length of the chain, but though less liable to catch in hedges, etc., they are perhaps hardly as distinctive as the usual type. The ends of the chain are furnished with brass handles attached by means of swivel joints, and the length of 100 links is measured from the outside of one handle to the outside of the other.

The Gunter’s chain—so named after its inventor—is generally used by the Land Surveyor. It is 66 ft. in length, each link measuring 7.92", and is very convenient when it is required to calculate areas in acres and decimals of an acre, since 10 sq. chains = 1 acre : also when linear dimensions are required in miles and furlongs, since 10 chains = 1 furlong and 80 chains =. 1 mile. When the term “chain” or “link” is used in a general sense, without reference to any particular unit of measurement, the Gunter's chain is inferred.

The Engineer's chain is 100 ft. long, each link being 1 ft. in length. It is heavier than the Gunter's chain, but being longer does not need to be laid down so frequently in the measurement of a definite distance; for this reason there is less liability to error from the inaccurate marking of the ends of the chain. Again, as the levelling staff is usually graduated in feet and decimal parts of a foot, this chain is more convenient than the 66 ft. chain when used in connection with levelling or tacheometric operations. In municipal work, too, the 100 ft. chain is employed, as, in this case, dimensions are required to be expressed in yards, feet, and inches.

Metre chains are also in use, the commonest lengths being 10, 20, and 25 metres. They are subdivided into one-fifth parts of a metre and tallied at every two metres from each end.

W. Norman Thomas.
Surveying.
London: Edward Arnold, 1920.

1. Introduction (Pengenalan)

A chain is a unit of length. The chain was commonly used with the mile to indicate land distances and in particular in surveying land for legal and commercial purposes. There are two types of chain:

· ? chain

2. Gunter chain

(write introduction about ? chain/ tulis pengenalan ? chain).

contoh: ?

3. Engineer Chain

(write introduction about ? chain/ tulis pengenalan ? chain).

contoh: ?

4. table below show the comparison of two type of chains

Gaunter chain	comparison	Engineer chain
1. gaunter chain is…………..
	Long
	Used
	Distance measured
	Error

Tuesday, 12 June 2012

Klip Dokumentari Al Quran dan Sains - unta

Subhanallah...betapa hebat unta ciptaan Allah, yang mana boleh hidup di padang pasir yang amat panas dan kering...
kenderaan berejin pun tak dapat lawan makhluk ciptaan Allah ini...
Moga-moga kita mengambil iktibar....Insyaallah

[Design] 10 Sifat Terpuji | iluvislam.com discover the beauty of islam

[Design] 10 Sifat Terpuji | iluvislam.com discover the beauty of islam

Akhlak umpama cermin, jika baik rupa akhlaknya, maka terpantulnya akhlak yang baik...
tetapi jika buruk, maka terpantulnya akhlak yang buruk

Monday, 11 June 2012

Alangkah Indahnya Jika Pemimpin Menjadi Imam | iluvislam.com discover the beauty of islam

Assalamulaikum...
Disini saya berkongsi website yang menawarkan pekerjaan bagi sahabat2 semua. Semoga ia dapat membantu. Yang penting kita berusaha dan selebihnya tawakal pada Allah:

1. Jawatan terkini 2012 : http://www.malaysiaonlinejob.com
2. Jobmalaysia.biz : http://www.jobsmalaysia.biz/
3. Jawatan Kosong Kerajaan Dan Sektor Swasta Malaysia :http://www.ohjob.info/
4. Jobmalaysia: www.jobsmalaysia.gov.my/

Peristiwa Israk dan Mikraj dan Pengajaran Yang Perlu di Hayati | iluvislam.com discover the beauty of islam

Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, and science of accurately determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional position of points and the distances and angles between them. These points are usually on the surface of the Earth, and they are often used to establish land maps and boundaries for ownership or governmental purposes.

To accomplish their objective, surveyors use elements of mathematics (geometry and trigonometry), physics, engineering and law.

An alternative definition, per the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM), is the science and art of making all essential measurements to determine the relative position of points or physical and cultural details above, on, or beneath the surface of the Earth, and to depict them in a usable form, or to establish the position of points or details.

Furthermore, as alluded to above, a particular type of surveying known as "land surveying" (also per ACSM) is the detailed study or inspection, as by gathering information through observations, measurements in the field, questionnaires, or research of legal instruments, and data analysis in the support of planning, designing, and establishing of property boundaries. It involves the re-establishment of cadastral surveys and land boundaries based on documents of record and historical evidence, as well as certifying surveys (as required by statute or local ordinance) of subdivision plats/maps, registered land surveys, judicial surveys, and space delineation. Land surveying can include associated services such as mapping and related data accumulation, construction layout surveys, precision measurements of length, angle, elevation, area, and volume, as well as horizontal and vertical control surveys, and the analysis and utilization of land survey data.

Surveying has been an essential element in the development of the human environment since the beginning of recorded history (about 5,000 years ago). It is required in the planning and execution of nearly every form of construction. Its most familiar modern uses are in the fields of transport,building and construction, communications, mapping, and the definition of legal boundaries for land ownership.

(for more information click this website:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_surveying)

How to setup a Total Station

Kepada adik2 yang baru dalam bidang ukur tanah...disini ada cara-cara nak set up alat
semoga ia dapat membantu..Insyallah...:-)

Semalam di Surau Ar-Rayyan, kuliah maghrib begitu hebat dengan seorang ustaz, tentang Israk dan Mikraj yang begitu teperinci. Dalam Kuliah itu juga ada dia selitkan tentang 3 sunnah besar Rasulullah lakukan.Sebagai pengkongsian, 3 Sunnah itu ialah:

1. Menternak
2. Berniaga
3.Berkhawin
Semoga sunnah-sunnah ini dapat kita lakukan....Insyaallah.

Kuih dan biskut raya

(Kacang Botak)

(Popia Batang Buruk)

(alamond,biskut makmur dll.)

* sila hubungi saya jika ingin menempah kuih muih di atas. Insyaallah contoh kuih akan diberikan untuk dirasa dahulu sebelum menempah, kerana "Pelanggan didahulukan, PerKhidmatan Diutamakan...." (+60134059732-khairol)

Sunday, 10 June 2012

1. Ilmu mesti disertai dengan amal maka sesiapa yang beramal tahulah dia tentang manfaat ilmu.

2. Ilmu berpanjangan dengan sebab beramal dan jika tidak beramal dengan ilmu maka ia akan bersedih

3. Setiap bekas menjadi sempit dengan sebab isiannya melainkan ilmu maka bekas ilmu menjadi semakin luas walau pun diisi seberapa banyak sekalipun

4. Orang alim yang malas beramal dengan ilmunya umpama jarum yang menjahit pakaian untuk menutup aurat orang lain sedangkan dia sendiri tinggal telanjang

5. Orang alim yang malas beramal dengan ilmunya umpama lilin yang membakar dirinya sendiri untuk menerangi orang lain

6. Orang alim yang malas beramal dengan ilmunya umpama batu asah yang menajamkan pisau sedangkan dia sendiri tidak mampu memotong

7. Orang alim yang tidak beramal dengan ilmunya umpama sebiji batu besar yang jatuh menutupi mulut sungai di mana ia sendiri tidak meminum air sungai itu sebaliknya hanya menahan air sungai sungai itu daripada mengalir sehingga dapat diminum dan diambil manfaat oleh orang lain bukan untuk manfaat dirinya sendiri

Islam is The Way of Life